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Mushrooms
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COMMON NAMES
Shrooms; Magic Mushrooms; Sacred Mushrooms; teonánacatl
 
EFFECTS CLASSIFICATION
Psychedelic
 
DESCRIPTION
There are more than 180 species of mushrooms which contain the psychedelics psilocybin or psilocin. They have a long history of use in Mexico and are currently one of the most popular and commonly available natural psychedelics.

Psilocybe cubensis art 
Respect the Mushroom

Above: Laboratory culture of Psilocybe subcubensis.
Below: Psilocybe subcubensis, harvested.
Photos courtesy EntheoGenesis Laboratories, SA.

Psylocybin Cubensis
 

Tested for in Standard Drug Tests? NO
Tested for in Extended Drug Tests? Sometimes
Possible to test for? YES
Detection Period in Urine 1-3 days
 

Dosages
Dosages vary significantly from person to person, species to species, and mushroom to mushroom. A good recommendation is to start with a low dose, and wait to try high doses until after you've experimented with them a few times. High doses are much, much better in a safe environment while low doses are more functional in social or public situations.

The following doses give a range from relatively low dose to relatively high dose for a few of the more common species of mushrooms. Make sure you know what type of mushrooms you're eating before you decide on a dosage. The most commonly purchased dry magic mushrooms in the United States are P. cubensis.

Species dried wet approx #
P. cubensis 0.5-5 grams 5-50 grams 0.25-3 big mushrooms or 2-20 small mushrooms
P. cyanescens 0.5-3 grams 5-30 grams 1-6 large mushrooms or 2-14 small mushrooms
P. semilanceatas 0.5-3 grams 5-30 grams 20-120 mushrooms (40 per dry gram)


Psilocybin effects can be overwhelming and unpleasant, especially if you're not relaxed and ready for them. Experienced mushroomers strongly recommend starting with a low dose and increasing the intensity over several trials until one finds the dose they are comfortable with. "Boosting" with mushrooms, taking an additional amount sometime during the trip in order to increase the effects, is generally not considered very successful if it happens after the effects begin to taper at all.

There are people who never go for more than an ultra light trip, and some feel it must be an earth-shattering experience. You'll probably find your dosage somewhere between these two extremes.


Psilocybin / Psilocin Dosages #

Paul Stamets, in Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World , reports that a "manageable dose" of psilocybin/psilocin would be around 0.25 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) and a high dose to be 0.5mg/kg. A low dose is probably around 0.125mg/kg. This translates to low dose to high dose range of 10mg-40mg for an 80kg adult.

Confusingly, Hofmann wrote that 4-8 mg of psilocybin is a medium dose, but this is not consistent with more contemporary research or Stamets writings. The current estimates are that medium oral doses are between 10 and 20mg for most people. Less than 10mg is probably light and above 20 will be strong for most.

Using the figures from the technical literature for the percent active principal of dry weight, it is possible to roughly approximate psilocybin/psilocin milligram doses from the species and mass of the material. For example, the common species p.semilanceata contains very roughly 1% or 10mg/g of the active principals psilocybin and psilocin combined, hence a medium dosis of this mushroom is roughly 1-2g dried material for most people, corresponding neatly to the 10-20mg stated above.

As a rule of thumb, 10 grams of wet mushrooms is the equivalent of 1 gram dry, in other words fresh mushrooms are 90% water. The actual water percentage varies by species and also by how wet the mushrooms are. Fresh mushrooms can go from mostly dry to very soggy and the wet to dry ratio will vary accordingly. When using any new batch of mushrooms, experienced psilocybiphiles strong recommend starting out low since potencies in a single strain can vary so much. Also keep in mind that psilocybin and psilocin are both equally potent and baeocystin may also have strong effects.

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